1. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is an annual or short lived perennial
herb.
2. The flowers are white bearing fruits
which are red or yellow in colour.
3. It is a self pollinated crop.
4. Major tomato producing states are
Maharashtra, Bihar, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya
Pradesh and Assam.
5. Soil: can be grown on a wide range of
soils from sandy to heavy clay with ideal pH raging between 6.0 - 7.0
6. Climate:
a. Ideal: warm season.
b. Temperature range of 21-24°C.
Temperatures above 32°C adversely affect the fruit set and development.
c. The plants cannot withstand frost and
high humidity.
d. Requires a low to medium rainfall.
e. Bright sunshine at the time of fruit
set helps to develop dark red coloured fruits.
f.
Temperature below 10°C adversely affects plant tissues
thereby slowing down physiological activities.
7. Diseases affecting tomato plant
● Anthracnose fruit rot, Early blight, Septoria leaf spot, Late blight, and Buckeye rot
● Affected by both fungus and bacteria.
